Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a condition that affects the hand and wrist, caused by pressure on the median nerve, which runs through the carpal tunnel—a narrow passageway in the wrist.

Symptoms:

  • Numbness, tingling, or burning sensation in the thumb, index, middle, and part of the ring finger.
  • Weakness in the hand, making it difficult to grip objects.
  • Pain that may radiate up the arm.
  • Symptoms often worsen at night.

Causes & Risk Factors:

  • Repetitive hand movements (e.g., typing, using tools, playing instruments).
  • Wrist injuries (fractures or sprains).
  • Medical conditions (diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, hypothyroidism).
  • Pregnancy (due to fluid retention).
  • Genetics (some people have a naturally smaller carpal tunnel).

Diagnosis:

  • Physical examination (checking for numbness, weakness, and pain).
  • Nerve conduction studies (NCS) to measure how fast electrical signals travel through the median nerve.
  • Electromyography (EMG) to assess muscle response.

Treatment Options:

  1. Non-Surgical:

    • Wrist splints (especially at night).
    • Anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs like ibuprofen).
    • Corticosteroid injections for temporary relief.
    • Lifestyle changes (reducing repetitive hand motions, ergonomic adjustments).
    • Physical therapy and hand exercises.

  2. Surgical:

    • Carpal Tunnel Release Surgery (cutting the transverse carpal ligament to relieve pressure on the nerve).
    • Usually recommended for severe or persistent cases.

Prevention Tips:

  • Take frequent breaks when doing repetitive hand motions.
  • Maintain good wrist posture and avoid excessive bending.
  • Use ergonomic tools (keyboard, mouse, wrist supports).
  • Stretch and strengthen the wrist and hand muscles.