Bunions
A bunion (hallux valgus) is a bony bump that forms at the base of the big toe, where it meets the foot. It develops when the big toe pushes against the next toe, causing the joint to become misaligned and protrude outward. Bunions can be painful and worsen over time, making it difficult to wear certain shoes or walk comfortably.
Causes:
- Genetics – Inherited foot structure can make some people more prone to bunions.
- Improper Footwear – Tight, narrow, or high-heeled shoes can contribute to bunion development.
- Foot Deformities – Conditions like flat feet or excessive pronation may increase the risk.
- Arthritis – Inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, can lead to bunions.
- Foot Stress or Injury – Repetitive stress or previous injuries can contribute.
Symptoms:
- A visible bump on the side of the big toe joint
- Pain and tenderness, especially when wearing shoes
- Redness and swelling around the affected joint
- Restricted movement of the big toe
- Calluses or corns where the toes rub together
Treatment & Prevention:
- Wearing Comfortable Shoes – Choose wide-toe box shoes with good support.
- Padding & Orthotics – Cushions or custom insoles can help relieve pressure.
- Icing & Anti-Inflammatory Medication – Helps reduce swelling and pain.
- Toe Exercises & Stretching – Improves flexibility and strengthens foot muscles.
- Surgery (Bunionectomy) – In severe cases, surgery may be required to realign the toe and relieve pain.
Early intervention can help slow bunion progression and reduce discomfort, making it essential to address symptoms as soon as they appear.